Synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Synthesis - Essay Example Sean needs to engage students in the topics by reducing the verbal instructions and communicating his instructions or lecture through visual aid. Hence, he should inter-mix verbal instructions with captivating visuals to help him gauge their attention. This would give Sean a clear understanding of student’s knowledge regarding clay sculpting and what Sean needs to explain more. Students should start their own clay sculpture, but after fifteen minutes, students would be rotated and they would finish each other’s sculpture. This kinesthetic movement would make his expectations clear, and would also be a fun activity for students to finish their friend’s work. He should also make a rule for students that if they break something, they would have to pay for it. Sara needs to first use the Socratic method of learning, ask students for information and then fill the gaps with her expertise. Sara is dealing with students who are passionate about football, but there are also girls in her class she needs to consider too. Sara needs to observe class behaviour, as well as community behaviour. In order to understand better her class and community, she should use visual aids, like pictures of legendary football players, monuments and places that the community thrives on. This would make her feel close to the class and the community, and would also make her more engaged with the students (Horwitz, 2010). Sara should hand out different tests to students, to further assess their knowledge; the tests for boys could be designed in a way that it includes questions relating to football. Similarly, she should use the girl preferred topics for the introduction of new concepts in her math lesson for girls, which interests them most. Megan would have a clear picture of her student’s language capabilities, once she converse with them for some time. She should spend at least one week assessing their language capabilities by engaging them in

Information Security Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Information Security Management - Essay Example There is a need for ensuring an appraisal of the operations of the information system at Hewlett-Packard in a bid to consolidate an organized arrangement in the prevention of danger. In view of the rise in the level of an insecure system within the operation systems of Hewlett Packard, there is a need to come up with various measures that can curb the danger that the company is exporting. In addition, there is also need for addressing the possibility of the occurrence of disasters like fire that may end up damaging property within the company. Presently, the operating system the staff is using is susceptible to threats outside and within the company. There is need for a safe operating system that the staff uses in order to ensure confidentiality of information within the organization. This report comes up with the appropriate recommendations that have to be considered to ensure safety of the entire operating system. There were complaints raised regarding the access of computers without the knowledge of the users of the computers. The report looks at the provision of the use of passwords and various data storage devices within the organization. This research was conducted through investigation and filling of questionnaires by the staff members. A number of 250 questionnaires were distributed to the employees, and they were filled based on the scales that surround that security and confidentiality of the jobs that they do. The survey concentrated purely on the security of the work being done rather than the individual details in the environment. The staff members who took part in the survey were volunteers and their details were anonymous. The management having been briefed of the challenges being faced within the firm, they decided to appoint a team of IT experts led by the IT systems administrator to look into the situation and address the matter amicably before it got out of

IT systems failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT systems failure - Essay Example The procurement manager crossed the limits by giving warnings and transferring the employees to other departments. The abovementioned problem has been identified and categorized as the cultural dimension problem among the technical, cultural and managerial dimensions of the problems (Feghali & Zbib, 2007). Being a project manager, I would recommend to not only involve the end-users in the development of the E-Pro system but also to earn their confidence; to do this is a desperate need. As the end-users are always helpful in identifying the issues and problems of the existing processes, they can provide valuable input for solving the identified problems. The end-users can also help review the prototypes and provide feedback, which needs to be incorporated before the final deployment of the IT systems. Moreover, the end-users should also be involved in the testing phase of the project. This leads to a conclusion that the effective end-users involvement not only saves money but also mak es the IT project successful (Kastner, 2010). Recommendation II The second problem that I have identified in the given case of E-Pro system development is the mismanagement of the key stakeholders. The IT and procurement manager has mismanaged not only the external stakeholders but also the internal stakeholders, who have a direct impact on the development of the system. ... In the case, the suppliers had not been informed about the development of the E-Pro system before the project was started. When the procurement manager informed the suppliers in the middle of the project, they had a number of concerns regarding the development of the E-Pro system; still, they have been ignored by the procurement manager. Due to this behaviour of the procurement manager, the suppliers became a hurdle in the success of the project. Keeping in view the abovementioned fact and being a project manager, I would recommend that all the stakeholders be informed about the situation in advance. It is always good to develop consensus in early stages of the project; it helps reduce the probability of disagreements or conflicts, which are harmful for the successful implementation of the project. Recommendation III I would recommend that superiors be always informed about the progress of the project as well as the issues that are being faced in the project. According to the case st udy, the IT and procurement manager did not inform the managing director of the company about the then current state of the E-Pro project. Initially, they did not inform the managing director regarding the lack of confidence and conflicts with the employees or end users of the developing system. And then nobody informed the managing director that even the suppliers were not happy and had a few concerns regarding the development of the E-Pro system. Eventually, when the managing director was informed, the situation had already been out of control and the company needed to abandon the project. It has been identified as â€Å"lack of information flows among all stakeholders involved† and has been categorized as a cultural

Strategic Plan for Eco-travel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Strategic Plan for Eco-travel - Essay Example This "Strategic plan for Eco-travel" essay outlines the necessity of strategic plan to make every business successful. The author analyzes a new business concept such as Eco-travel and a strategic plan for it. Eco-travel is a small scale business operating in the tourism sector and it is concerned with the provision of hospitality services to customers who mainly visit local community tourist attractions which are often overlooked by other big, established players in the same industry. This is a new business concept in the tourism sector which is dominated by established corporations. The customers mainly comprise of people from local communities as well as others from the neighbouring communities. Regional as well as visitors from different parts of the country are not excluded. The idea of this service was conceived after realising that established tourist operators often shunned local community resort centres as these were often regarded as small. Competitive prices will be offere d in order to stimulate business in this new tourism sector. â€Å"To provide a platform where all our customers can gain knowledge about their local heritage through promoting community tourism in a bid to bridge the knowledge gap existing among targeted clients.† Knowledge management is a key to the success of the company given that it is primarily concerned with educating people so that they become aware of the essence of protecting the environment in order to preserve their local natural heritage. In this case, the mission of the organisation demands that the knowledge base as well as capacity building among the targeted consumers have to be increased in order for the business to achieve its set goals. Measures have to be put in place to enable free acquisition, sharing and processing of information that can be in turn converted into valuable knowledge to the organisation. 1.2 Vision for Eco-travel â€Å"We are committed to become a leading community tour operator through responding to customer needs and changes that may take place in the market at competitive rates that are unmatched.† The organisation’s overall vision is mainly concerned with becoming a leader in the local community tourism sector in the future through harnessing on the strategy of knowledge creation management among the stakeholders involved. In order to achieve this feat, the company will primarily focus on quickly responding to the needs of the customers as well as constantly scanning the bu siness environment for any changes that may affect its operations. The

Louis Vuitton in Japan Essay Example for Free

Louis Vuitton in Japan Essay * What has made LV’s business model successful in the Japanese Luxury Market? What has made Louis Vuitton’s business model successful in the Japanese Luxury is foremost due to an aggressive marketing strategy they adopted in the country. Indeed with their heritage, the â€Å"savoir-faire à   la franà §aise†, the constant innovation, the quality of their products as well as an offered lifetime repair guarantees, Louis Vuitton has managed to make its Japanese customers loyal to the brand and succeeded to build its empire in Japan. * What are the opportunities and challenges for LV in Japan? Opportunities: Characteristics of the evolution of ageing Japanese population could be an opportunity for LV, such as wealthier families and older women with increased purchasing power. Moreover, establishing an Internet business, application for smartphones as well as expending a new range of products for men and children could be the next step for further growth in Japanese Luxury market. Challenges: The changes in Japanese society and mindset are the biggest challenge for LV. The new generation doesn’t have the same vision as the previous one, and with the gloomy economic context they are less inclined to tolerate high prices that had formerly created desirability. Moreover, the entry of fast fashion brand as ZARA, HM, UNIQLO in the Japanese market, offering quality at competitive price shook up the market share of existing luxury companies in Japan. The saturated market in Japan for fashion luxury, the continuous limited editions products and the possible departure of Marc Jacobs could also be pointed out as challenges for Louis Vuitton. * What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market? Consumer behavior is one of the biggest specific of the Japanese fashion luxury market. The Japanese way of consumption is different from the Western one, as they are known to be a group-oriented culture in which there was a real pressure to possess luxury brands, their way of consuming them seems more like a compulsory form of social expression. And with adapted marketing strategies successful luxury brand had made the Japanese luxury market the mass market. Otherwise, Japanese consumer are really sensitive to quality, price, creativity, and high fashion these are key factors for successful brands in the Japanese market. * How did LV enter into the Japanese market originally? What are the other entry strategies adopted later to strengthen its presence? The enter of Louis Vuitton into the Japanese market began in the mid 1970’s thanks to the Vuitton-Racamier family who had focused mainly on building a Japanese clientele. Louis Vuitton opted for a new strategy by opening its own shop-in-shops in Japan without the help of a Japanese distributor. LV turned out to be a pioneer in establishing its own subsidiary and exporting products directly from France to Japan. Otherwise hiring a local CEO and managers to lead LV in Japan allowed the brand to conduct the business more efficiently believing they are more able to make market-driven decision, as they are able to better understand the local people. Moreover, by offering architectural stores with an interior design comparable to that found in its flagship stores in Paris, LV has been able to revolutionize the whole purchasing experience in store matching the emotion brought out by the products. In order to strengthen its presence in Japan LV opted for several others strategies, such as hiring Marc Jacob who had created a new energy for each ready-to-wear collection, mixing tradition and innovation but also by collaborating with Japanese artists (Takashi Murakami, Rei Kawakubo, Jun Aoki) and launching limited editions products (exclusivity perceive by the costumer) that enable LV to increase its profit right away. * Will LV have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges? As said previously there is a shift in Japanese consumer preferences and it is even more highlighted due to the global financial crisis. Indeed, the days of charging a high price for products with a proprietary logo seemed to be gone in Japan. In this time of recession even Japanese consumers are becoming more aware of the value of money. Moreover, counterfeiting appeared even in the Japanese market where quality is one of the key factors in the act of purchasing luxury goods and it became a huge challenge for LV. Now that the fake bags are hard to distinguished from the genuine ones, Japanese consumer will buy fake LV bags that they will use for everyday life, even though they own authentic that they will save for special occasions. Though there was sustained slowdown in the demand for luxury goods in 2008-2009 due to the global recession, the Japanese luxury market would remain a healthy and growing industry and strategic decisions can overcome these challenges. On one hand LV decided to lower its prices, in fact they had made a seven per cent price reduction on its range of products. On the other hand LV designated Kiyotaka Fujii a new chief executive officer (CEO), which is the first change in the Japanese management team. This change in management enable the brand to have a new vision and new ideas such as expanding the range of products for children, sales of smaller products (wallets, sunglasses†¦), spreading business on the web, expanding its strategies and opening new stores in mid-size cities where the brand is not well-know.

Divorce Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Divorce Research Paper Essay Pondering question to get reader thinking about topic II. What the problem is d. â€Å"Children do not fall behind their peers in these areas during the potentially disruptive period before their parents divorce, the study revealed. Instead, its after the split that kids seem to have the most trouble coping. Include this from Healthday reporter Alan mozes e. What the child feels, they feel its their fault and makes them more upset III. Statistics f. What classes children with divorced parents are struggling in g. Average grades for the kids h. What it does to teens IV. My personal experience i. How my grades were before and after j. What classes I was struggling in k. My personal feelings about it V. Conclusion l. Say how parents really need to think about how it will affect their child before going through with it. m. My views on the statistics and why it is valid info n. Opinion about parents being more involved in children’s schoolwork. Christian Startt Mrs. Pantusa English 1 A. P Prep April 26, 2013 Divorce and How It Affects Children Introduction Divorce can be the most inconvenient and hardest long-term problem of a child’s life, affecting all parts of his or her life all because of the parent’s failing marriage. 41% of first marriages end in divorce (Irvin, M), which is a substantial percentage of marriage that has not followed through with their vows and left their kid’s normality in the dust. Grades, emotions, and innocence all are changed in the process of the divorce, as well as a new set of challenge and problems these kids have to face in everyday life. Divorce isn’t just a split between a family, it’s more of a life changer. â€Å"As soon as me and my wife Terri divorced†, explains Chris Startt, â€Å"basic life changed heavily. Laundry, cooking dinner everyday, and constantly worrying about my son’s grades has really kept me busy and stressed†. I asked Chris how his son’s grades were after his divorce. â€Å"When me and my ex were still together, Christian’s grades were outstanding, strait A’s. But later (a year passes) his grades went from strait A’s to B’s and C’s later on in middle school†. According to Healthday reporter Alan Mozes, â€Å"Children do not fall behind their peers in these areas during the potentially disruptive period before their parents divorce, the study revealed. Instead, its after the split that kids seem to have the most trouble coping†. Research suggests that the odds of a divorce occurring in a household before the children become grown rest at about 50% (Ahilburg and DeVita, 1992), with divorce rates beginning to soar in 1963 (Jeynes, 1999). A 60-year literature review of 347 experimental studies confirmed that many studies have concluded that divorce has negative consequences for childrens academic achievement (Kunz, 1992). Most research shows that the child’s math scores were the ones that were mostly affected. â€Å"Kim found that while a divorce is in progress, first, second and third-graders experience a dip in math test scores — a decline that holds steady once the divorce is final†. (Mozes) But, at the same time reading scores didn’t really seem to be changing, as research from (Mozes) shows that â€Å"†¦however, Kim found that reading scores remain unaffected†. When my parents divorced, about 6 years ago, I was 9 years old in 3rd grade and that’s when my grades went from strait A’s, to A’s and B’s, and then a C here and there. Mathematics really begun to get more and more difficult to concentrate to and the tests were getting harder to understand. Reading, however, was my strength in elementary school, and it remained un-affected after my parents divorce. Researcher Hyun Sik Kim explains, Reading is not that cumulative. But with math, you must understand previous things to develop. For example, if I do not understand that one plus one is two, then I cannot understand multiplication. Divorce really puts a child’s mind in motion. After the divorce the child may feel like it was his/her fault, causing stress and emotional problems. By this happening, the child will become more stressed by the moving between houses, therefor making it harder to concentrate on schoolwork and thus grades beginning to lower. My personal experiences also help support my argument. Divorce should be decided with caution; you have to think about how its going to affect your child and how its going to affect their future.

Financial Literacy and Stock Market Participation

Financial Literacy and Stock Market Participation Kinar Timilsina THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL LITERACY AND STOCK MARKET PARTICIPATION BY RETAIL INVESTORS IN NEPAL 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Financial Literacy Financial literacy is defined as education and understanding of various financial areas such as personal finance, corporate finance, financial services, public finance etc. It focuses on the ability to manage personal finance matters in an efficient and effective manner, and it includes the knowledge of making appropriate decisions about personal finance such as investing, insurance, real estate, paying for college, budgeting, retirement and tax planning. (Investopedia). Financial literacy alerts individual to save money for their retirement period. Investments in financial asset helps them to increase their future wealth. Lusardi Mitchell (2008) write more financially literate people are more likely to plan for retirement and as a result they accumulate more wealth thus they participate in stock market . Guiso Jappelli (2008), Kimball Shumway (2007), Lusardi Mitchell (2006, 2007), and Lusardi Tufano (2009) (in Calcagno Monticone, 2011) confirm that knowledge about basic financ ial principles in consumer and products is scarce and may not be sufficient to guarantee that individuals make sound financial decisions. Less knowledge of financial literacy means little knowledge of financial matters and terms related to them such as interest rates and risk minimizing techniques. Retail Investors who has little or no knowledge of finance, that is a person who is not financially sophisticated, is more likely to fall prey to high cost borrowing and pay a great amount of money to attainment different financial services (Lusardi and Mitchell, 2011) . The financially literate persons have more financial wealth (Lusardi, 2004). The leading to the financial crisis of 2007 was financial illiteracy . It is important for decision makers to integrate financial knowledge and skills with real life processes leading to better financial interests (Atkinson and Messy). 1.1.2 Stock Market Participation Share trading in Nepal dates back to 1937 when the flotation of shares by Biratnagar Jute Mills Ltd. and Nepal Bank Ltd commenced the share trading which were involved in opening plantations in Nepal . The establishment of a formal stock exchange took place in 13 January 1994 with the incorporation of the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE), which took over the Securities Exchange Center Ltd. established in 1976. It currently has a membership of 2 market makers 50 stock brokers. As per the Securities Act 2007, rules and by-laws they operate on the trading floor. The Nepal Stock Exchange (Nepal) is the main stock exchange in Nepal. It is one of the modern stock exchanges in South Asia, providing a fully automated trading platform. NEPSE operates the market on the NEPSE Automated Trading System (NATS. It adopts the principle of an order driven market. NATS is used to purchase sell physical as well as dematerialized securities. The basic objective of NEPSE is to create without cost marketability and liquidity to the government and corporate securities which is done by facilitating transactions via market intermediaries such as brokers and market makers, etc. in its trading floor. The headquarters of the NEPSE have been situated at Singha Durbar Plaza, Kathmandu Nepal Nepal Stock Exchange is the only stock exchange licensed by the Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON). It was nearly 23 years ago that, formalized share trading commenced in Nepal under the Government of Nepal and trading was conducted under the rules and by laws formulated by the Association. It was only as recent as in 1994, that share trading in Nepal took a new turn with the establishment of a public trading floor and the introduction of the open outcry system of trading until 2007. In 2007, NEPSE moved to screen-based trading from open outcry by setting up Wide Area Network. It enabled stock brokers to be connected with NEPSEs server from their offices. The partial automation of stock trading has helped boost transaction volume. NEPSE has adopted a T+3 system. It implies that after 3 days of Trading, settlement of transactions should be done. The clearing and settlement procedures of the Nepal Stock Exchange were automated in 2011 with the establishment of the CDS and Clearing Limited. It is a company established under the company act promoted by NEPSE. The depository is known as the Central Depository System (CDS). CDS performs the role of central depository for Equity, Bonds etc. to handle these securities in dematerialized form. In 1994, an Over the Counter market for trading of unlisted shares was introduced for the first time in Nepal, Securities Exchange Center (SEC) managed the operation of secondary market over-the-counter facility. The delisted firms and state-owned corporations registers with the over the counter market (OTC) to allow trade of their shares. Shares without others finding out the price at which the transaction was done, can be bought and sold at the OTC market. Thus, the OTC market is less transparent than stock exchanges, and are also subject to fewer regulations in practice. The OTC market is rarely used to trades shares in Nepal. In 2012, shares of Nepal Bank Limited were traded in the OTC market for the first time where 71,928 Nepal Bank shares were transferred to its 2,664 employees that belonged to government. SEBON as the market regulator has been concentrating its efforts on intensifying statutory and legal frameworks which are the bases for the healthy development of Nepalese stock market. The main objective of SEBON is to flourish and safeguard the interest of investors by regulating the securities market, to supervise the entire stock market, sale and distribution of securities and purchase, sale or exchange of securities. SEBON provides licenses to stock exchange and securities business person. It also monitors the activities carried by stock exchange to know if they are in accordance with the laws, bye laws or not. As per the securities regulations the depository functions such as safekeeping, deposit, and securities certificates withdrawal and transfer of ownership/rights of the said instruments of Securities will be carried out by SEBON. Nepalese stock market is still underdeveloped and there is lapse that needs to be identified. Hence, the present study is conducted in order to f ind investors awareness and participation in Nepalese stock market. 1.1.3 Retail Investors in Nepal Investing Answers defines retail investors as an individual who purchases securities for his or her own personal account rather than for an organization. Generally retail investors trade in much smaller amounts than institutional investors such as pensions and mutual funds. Unfortunately, there is no data on the investors. But estimates are that there could be nearly 1 million retail investors (Ghimire, 2016) .The major problems of the stock market are unavailability of information, influenced by small number of large investors, insufficiency of legal rules and regulations, insufficient number of brokers and issue managers rumor based market, insufficient knowledge of investors etc. The retail investors are mainly driven by the rumor based market. (Dahal, 2010) . 1.1.4 Stock Market Participation and Financial Literacy While reviewing the previous research, I found that financial literacy can have direct implications on stock market participation by retail investors . People with low financial literacy are more likely to have problems with debt (Lusardi and Tufano 2009), are less likely to participate in the stock market (van Rooij, Lusardi and Alessie 2007), are less likely to choose mutual funds with lower fees (Hastings and Tejeda-Ashton, 2008), are less likely to accumulate wealth and manage wealth effectively (Stango and Zinman, 2007; Hilgert, Hogarth and Beverly 2003). 1.2 Statement of Problem There has been few research conducted on financial literacy in Nepal. Some of them are (Bharat Singh Thapa, 2015) College students have basic level of financial knowledge and their level of financial knowledge is determined by their family income, age, stream of education, type of college they study and their financial attitude. The study found that in basic level of finance, students are more knowledgeable while students are less familiar with bank credit, taxes, financial statement, insurance, and share markets. (Chaulagain, 2015) Financial literacy of individuals increases the likelihood of access to sustainable finance for identifying and consuming appropriate financial services competitively. The financial literacy is necessary but not sufficient condition for enhancing access to finance, neither it is a panacea for all the financial problems. Baidhya and Parajuli (2004) Awareness increase amongst the general public about the capital market, regarding nature of risk and return, through promotional campaigns, seminars, publications, and programs in FM/TV etc. In those research, they are focused about determinant of financial literacy and stock market awareness. In this research, we are concerned about the relationship between financial literacy and stock market participation by retail investors in Nepal. Probably this research has never been conducted in Nepal before. This research tends to meet the shortcoming of comprehensive measures of financial literacy and is linked with the economic outcome: Stock market participation by Nepali retail investors. 1.3 Research Objectives The main objective of this study is to find out the relationship between financial literacy and stock market participation by retail investors in Nepal and to measure retail investors financial knowledge. 1.4 Significance of the study The findings of this study will be useful to Nepal Stock exchange (NEPSE), Security Board of Nepal (SEBON), Policy makers, individual retail investors and different government agencies. With the help of my research, people will be able to know the impact of financial literacy on stock market participation by retail investors. My research will help the academic sector and business school students. Part of the core activity of the Securities Board of Nepal is investor education and awareness. As such the SEBON has a division to facilitates this divisions. Different financial awareness programs have been actively conducted over the years in diverse location. With this research, SEBON can formulate targeted financial literacy programmes, especially on stock market. 1.5 Limitation of the study There will certain limitation while doing this study . There is time constraint of 6 months Study is conducted in Kathmandu area only . The respondent while doing survey may not be willing to give the proper data 1.6 Research question/hypotheses Research Question What is the relationship between financial literacy and stock market participation by retail investors in Nepal? Hypothesis 1: Null Hypothesis: (There is no significant relationship between financial literacy and stock market participation by retail investors in Nepal.) Hypothesis 2: Null Hypothesis: (Gender, age, level of education and specialization on personal financial management has no impact on stock market participation by retail investor in Nepal) . 1.7 Theoritical framework       The theoretical framework is developed as it serves as a foundation on which the entire research is based . Investors awareness is referred as the investor literacy and updated information about the investment environment. InvestorsÃâ€" ³ exposure and information about the industry is measured by the level of awareness. Many research has been conducted in this area. some of them are: Paudyal (2010) Nepal particularly can learn from Indian market. India has formed National Institute of Securities Market (NISM) with huge physical infrastructure with the collaboration of industrial houses and different universities regarding investors education and awareness. Similarly, it can learn in the areas of the functioning of stock exchange central depository system of securities, instruments diversification, investors education and awareness building, adoption of information technology and opening the secondary market for NRN and foreign institutional investors (FIIs). Baidhya and Parajuli (2004) Promotional campaigns, seminars, publications, and programs in FM/TV etc. can be used to increase awareness amongst the general public about the capital market, regarding nature of risk and return. Volpe et al. (2002) Investors knowledge varied with peoples age, experience, education, income and gender. The online investors are more likely to be influenced by financial misinformation and manipulation. So, they should have more knowledge about stocks than normal investors to succeed in the securities market. Maditinos et al. (2007) Professional investors rely more on fundamental and technical analysis whilst individual investors rely more on noise in the market and newspapers/media when making their investment decisions. Jagongo and Mutswenje (2014) The very important factors that guide individual investment decisions were: reputation and firms status in industry, expected corporate earnings, expected divided by investors, and past performance firms stock. Luigi Guiso and Tullio Jappelli on Awareness and Stock Market Participation was conducted in 1995 and 1998. The objective of this study was a) to analyze the lack of awareness of financial assets (1995 and 1998) in Bank of Italy Surveys of Household Income and Wealth. b) to explore the determinants of awareness c) to find that the probability that survey respondents are aware of stocks, investments accounts and mutual fund is positively correlated with education, household resources, long- term bank relations and proxies for social interaction. Haliassos and Bertaut (1995) They investigated factors explaining financial education and finding among its results whether university education influences more weight in the decision to invest in the stock market or those with lower educational provision, preferring savings deposits as an investment option. Attanasio, Banks, and Tanner (2002) They studied about implications of limited participation in stock markets and the asset market. Their finding shows that a) the probability of having or invest in assets, is associated with factors such as age, and educational level b) the positive effect of higher education in the stock market tends to decrease over time. Roncallo (2009) In his findings, Colombian capital market was backward in comparison to developed countries, Latin American countries, and several Asian countries due to the lack of knowledge and awareness of the general public and businesses. And also, highlights that the creation of specially designed market such as the Centre for development of the capital market institutions, for the strengthening and development of this market, has failed to make a real impact on the target audience i.e. businesses and the general public, evidenced in the lack of knowledge about the importance and functioning of the capital market. (Chaulagain, 2015) Financial literacy of individuals increases the likelihood of access to sustainable finance for identifying and consuming appropriate financial services competitively. The financial literacy is necessary but not sufficient condition for enhancing access to finance, neither it is a panacea for all the financial problems. Baidhya and Parajuli (2004) Awareness increase amongst the general public about the capital market, regarding nature of risk and return, through promotional campaigns, seminars, publications, and programs in FM/TV etc. 3.1 Research Design A detailed outline of how an investigation will take place. A research design will typically include how data is to be collected, what instruments will be employed, how the instruments will be used and the intended means for analyzing data collected (Business Dictionary, 2016) . Descriptive survey research design will be used because research intended to explore the relationship between different variables which forms financial literacy and stock market participation by retail investors . 3.2 Population and Sample Size The population of study will be comprised of key players in the stock market, which includes investors, employees working in stock market and stock brokers. This study will be based in capital city Kathmandu, where stock market activities are concentrated and people get involved in share market from around the country. The sample size for study will be as per convenience-sampling technique and respondents will be selected as per their convenient accessibility. 3.3 Nature and Source of Data This study is both quantitative and qualitative in nature. It uses primary data obtained through questionnaires for analysis. Questionnaires are the most commonly used instrument in gathering and measuring qualitative data because they present the same questions to all respondents thereby fostering a comparable basis for assessment. 3.4 Instrumentation of Data Different statistical techniques will be used for analyzing data, which includes regression analysis and descriptive statistics . Graphs, frequency tables and charts were used for results 3.5 Models Specification The model that will be used in this study is based on the equation and econometric model adopted from Chong Lal, (2011) as below Y= ÃŽÂ ²0 + ÃŽÂ ²1 +ÃŽÂ ²2 +ÃŽÂ ²3 +ÃŽÂ ²4 + à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‹â€  Where: Y = Stock market participation. ÃŽÂ ²o= constant term ÃŽÂ ²1 = Financial Literacy Score ÃŽÂ ²2 = Age of respondent ÃŽÂ ²3 = Gender of respondent ÃŽÂ ²4 = Income of respondent à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‹â€ = disturbance term with an expected value of zero. The model helps better understand how the independent variables are related to the dependent variable and explored the form of their relationship. 3.6 Reliability and Validity of Data The research superviser and research expert of Business school will be requested to evaluate the applicability and validity of the research . Pre-test and re-test method will be done before the actual research . Bharat Singh Thapa, S. R. (2015). Financial Literacy in Nepal: A Survey Analysis from College Students. Financial Literacy in Nepal: A Survey Analysis from College Students, 26. Business Dictionary. (2016, 12 17). Retrieved from BusinessDictionary.com. WebFinance, Inc. : http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/research-design.html CDS and Clearing Limited. (2011). Retrieved from CDS and Clearing Limited: http://www.cdscnp.com/ Chaulagain, R. P. (2015). Financial Literacy for Increasing Sustainable Access to Finance in Nepal. NRB Working Paper series, 18. Dahal, S. (2010). A STUDY ON NEPALESE STOCK MARKET IN THE LIGHT OF ITS GROWTH, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS. Kathmandu. Ghimire, S. (2016, December 8). Retail Share Investors In Nepal. (K. Timilsina, Interviewer) Investopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved from Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-literacy.asp Investopedia . (n.d.). Retrieved from NASDAQ: IAC: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/over-the-countermarket.asp Kathmandupost. (n.d.). Retrieved from Ekantipur: http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2015-09-23/nepse-urges-otc-trade-of-shares.html NepalShareMarket. (n.d.). Retrieved from NepalShareMarket: http://www.nepalsharemarket.com/NepalShareMarket/NEPSE/Analysis/news/printerfriendly_news.aspx?news_id=NEW-003992 Securities Board Of Nepal . (n.d.). Retrieved from SEBON: http://www.sebon.gov.np/ The Himalayan TImes. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://thehimalayantimes.com/business/capital-market-may-need-another-exchange-to-spark-competition/ Wikipedia. (n.d.). Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Stock_Exchange